The short answer is that core will be able to do everything you want.
There are a lot of different pieces to different longer answers, so we can go into those if you want.
The main difference between routines and other smart apps is that a routine can be used as an official widget and they have their own section in the smart things mobile app, so that makes it a bit quicker to find. They do not run locally. (Neither does core.)
The only smart app that can run locally is the official smart lighting feature, so you will see community members choose smart lighting for specific use cases for that reason.
But otherwise, the answer to pretty much any complex set up these days will be core.