The zigbee presence sensor has a range of about 35 to 50 feet, but that’s to the nearest device on your network.
I would do this a bit differently. I would use some kind of sensor inside the garage that showed activity, or “closed” when the trashcan was parked there rather then trying to catch it at the curb. That way you would have control over where the contact is made.
This would be really easy with either a contact sensor, or perhaps a pressure Mat.
We discussed a similar idea in the past in the forum with regard to knowing when A Roomba was parked at the charging station versus driving around the room.
If you just use a regular contact sensor you can get one now at Best Buy for under $25. The pressure Mat might cost more than that but has less risk of being damaged.
Then for your trashcan scenario have a notification that runs just on trash night at a specific time to tell you if the trashcan is still in the garage, rather then if it’s out at the curb. 