It can, with custom code, but that would be increasing the traffic on the network, perhaps by thousands of times, and mesh networks such as are used by zigbee and Z wave just aren’t designed for that. If you need real time polling, use Wi-Fi devices.
This issue has come up multiple times in the last seven years, usually with some community member designing a smart app that would poll everything all the time, the networks having significant issues as well as traffic impact on the cloud, and smartthings trying to shut it down again.
A couple of years ago, “simple device viewer“, a custom Groovy smart app that became very popular, took a very different and clever approach. It just looked at the log that smartthings keeps rather than polling the individual devices, and checks how long it’s been since the last update. That put some traffic pressure on cloud, but not on the individual home networks.
It’s still available and seems to work for now, but it will go away when the IDE goes away.