Sure, but its reliability will be no better than any of the rest of the platform. 
You have a lot of choices for the physical device
As far as the logic, that part is also easy–you just have the button press run a Routine which does all of the other things that you want done.
There is, however, one caveat which is that a lot of stuff won’t happen if the SmartThings cloud is not available. You can’t disarm smart home monitor. You can’t run a routine. You can’t run any custom code. Basically you can just turn some lights on and off if the smartthings cloud is not available.
So if your false alarms are being caused by the Internet dropping or the SmartThings cloud not being available, the button probably isn’t going to help.
But if there are caused by false motion sensor triggers or just poltergeist events, the button should work fine.